Analysis of success rate of organoid construction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by first-day suspension method / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of the first-day suspension method for improving the success rate of construction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma-patient derived organoids (NPC-PDO). Methods: The tumor samples of 14 nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) patients, i.e.,13 males and 1 female, with a mean age of 43.0±12.0 years old, were collected from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2022 to July 2022. The tumor samples of 3 patients were digested into single cell suspension and divided into 2 groups, for comparing the efficacy of NPC-PDO construction by the direct inoculation method and the first-day suspension method. The remaining 11 patients were randomized to receive either the direct inoculation method or the first-day suspension method for NPC-PDO construction. The diameter and the number of spheres of NPC-PDO constructed by the two methods were compared by optical microscope; the 3D cell viability detection kit was used to compare the cell viability; the survival rates were compared by trypan blue staining; the success rates of the two construction methods were compared; the number of cases which could be successfully passaged for more than 5 generations and were consistent with the original tissue by pathological examination was counted; and the dynamic changes of cells in suspension overnight were observed by live cell workstation. The independent sample t-test was applied to compare the measurement data of the two groups, and the chi-square test was used to compare the classification data. Results: Compared with the direct inoculation, the diameter and the number of spheres of NPC-PDO constructed by the first-day suspension method were increased, with a higher cell activity, and the success rate of construction was obviously improved (80.0% vs 16.7%, χ2=4.41, P<0.05). In the suspension state, some of the cells aggregated and increased their ability to proliferate. Conclusion: The first-day suspension method can improve the success rate of NPC-PDO construction, especially for those whose original tumor sample size is small.

Analysis of risk factors of mortality in infants and toddlers with moderate to severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To identify the risk factors in mortality of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: Second analysis of the data collected in the "efficacy of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the treatment of children with moderate to severe PARDS" program. Retrospective case summary of the risk factors of mortality of children with moderate to severe PARDS who admitted in 14 participating tertiary PICU between December 2016 to December 2021. Differences in general condition, underlying diseases, oxygenation index, and mechanical ventilation were compared after the group was divided by survival at PICU discharge. When comparing between groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for measurement data, and the chi-square test was used for counting data. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the accuracy of oxygen index (OI) in predicting mortality. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for mortality. Results: Among 101 children with moderate to severe PARDS, 63 (62.4%) were males, 38 (37.6%) were females, aged (12±8) months. There were 23 cases in the non-survival group and 78 cases in the survival group. The combined rates of underlying diseases (52.2% (12/23) vs. 29.5% (23/78), χ2=4.04, P=0.045) and immune deficiency (30.4% (7/23) vs. 11.5% (9/78), χ2=4.76, P=0.029) in non-survival patients were significantly higher than those in survival patients, while the use of pulmonary surfactant (PS) was significantly lower (8.7% (2/23) vs. 41.0% (32/78), χ2=8.31, P=0.004). No significant differences existed in age, sex, pediatric critical illness score, etiology of PARDS, mechanical ventilation mode and fluid balance within 72 h (all P>0.05). OI on the first day (11.9(8.3, 17.1) vs.15.5(11.7, 23.0)), the second day (10.1(7.6, 16.6) vs.14.8(9.3, 26.2)) and the third day (9.2(6.6, 16.6) vs. 16.7(11.2, 31.4)) after PARDS identified were all higher in non-survival group compared to survival group (Z=-2.70, -2.52, -3.79 respectively, all P<0.05), and the improvement of OI in non-survival group was worse (0.03(-0.32, 0.31) vs. 0.32(-0.02, 0.56), Z=-2.49, P=0.013). ROC curve analysis showed that the OI on the thind day was more appropriate in predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the curve= 0.76, standard error 0.05,95%CI 0.65-0.87,P<0.001). When OI was set at 11.1, the sensitivity was 78.3% (95%CI 58.1%-90.3%), and the specificity was 60.3% (95%CI 49.2%-70.4%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, pediatric critical illness score and fluid load within 72 h, no use of PS (OR=11.26, 95%CI 2.19-57.95, P=0.004), OI value on the third day (OR=7.93, 95%CI 1.51-41.69, P=0.014), and companied with immunodeficiency (OR=4.72, 95%CI 1.17-19.02, P=0.029) were independent risk factors for mortality in children with PARDS. Conclusions: The mortality of patients with moderate to severe PARDS is high, and immunodeficiency, no use of PS and OI on the third day after PARDS identified are the independent risk factors related to mortality. The OI on the third day after PARDS identified could be used to predict mortality.

Protective Effect of Flos Puerariae，Hoveniae Semen， and Their Compatibility on Acute Alcoholic Gastric Mucosal Injury in Mice and Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the improvement effect of Flos Puerariae， Hoveniae Semen， and their compatibility on acute alcoholic gastric mucosal injury， and lay a foundation for further development of Flos Puerariae， Hoveniae Semen， and their compatibility in the prevention and treatment of alcohol-induced multiple organ injury. MethodThe acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury model of mice was established by multiple intragastric administration of 56% Hongxing Erguotou liquor （15 mL·kg-1）. A total of 120 male ICR mice were randomly divided into 8 groups， namely， the blank group， model group， omeprazole group （0.026 g·kg-1）， Flos Puerariae-Hoveniae Semen （compatibility） high， medium， and low-dose groups （29.2，14.6， 7.3 g·kg-1）， Flos Puerariae group （19.5 g·kg-1）， and Hoveniae Semen group （19.5 g·kg-1）， with 15 mice in each group. After one week of adaptive feeding， the animals were pre-administrated with the corresponding drug at the rate of 10 mL·kg-1 for 3 d. From the 4th day， after 1 h of administration， Erguotou liquid was administrated at the rate of 15 mL·kg-1 and the blank group was administrated with the same volume of deionized water to record the drunkenness and sober up time. The administration was lasted for 3 d. One hour after the last administration， the eyeballs were removed and the mice were sacrificed. The concentration of ethanol in serum was determined by gas chromatograph， and the activity of ethanol dehydrogenase （ADH） in gastric mucosa was determined by ultraviolet-vis spectrophotometer. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes in gastric mucosa. Serum inflammatory factors were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA expression of nuclear transcription factor-κB （NF-κB） p65 and NF-κB inhibitory protein α （IκBα） were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. ResultAs compared with the normal group， the content of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in serum of mice in the model group was increased （P<0.05）， the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 in gastric mucosa tissues was increased （P<0.01）， and the mRNA expression of IκBα was decreased （P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the drunkenness time of the omeprazole group， high and medium-dose compatibility groups， and Flos Puerariae group was prolonged （P<0.05）， the sober up time of the high and medium-dose compatibility groups was shortened （P<0.05）， the ethanol concentration in the serum of the high-dose compatibility group was decreased （P<0.05）， the ADH activity in the gastric mucosa of the omeprazole group and high and medium-dose compatibility groups was increased （P<0.05）， the macroscopic injury score of the high， medium， and low-dose compatibility groups and Flos Puerariae group was decreased （P<0.05）， the score of pathological injury in the omeprazole group， high， medium， and low-dose compatibility groups， and Flos Puerariae group was decreased （P<0.01）， the expression of IL-6 in serum of all drug groups was decreased （P<0.05）， the expression of IL-1β in serum of the omeprazole group， high， medium， and low-dose Flos Puerariae groups， and Hoveniae Semen group was decreased （P<0.05）， the expression of TNF-α in serum of high and medium-dose groups was decreased （P<0.05）， the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 in gastric mucosa tissues of all drug groups was decreased （P<0.05）， and the mRNA expression of IκBα in gastric mucosa tissues of the omeprazole group and high， medium， and low-dose compatibility groups was increased （P<0.05）. As compared with the high-dose compatibility group， the drunkenness time in the low-dose compatibility group and Hoveniae Semen group was shortened （P<0.01）， the sober up time in the Flos Puerariae and Hoveniae Semen groups was prolonged （P<0.01）， the concentration of ethanol in the serum of the medium and low-dose compatibility groups， Flos Puerariae group， and Hoveniae Semen group increased （P<0.05）， the macroscopic injury score of the medium and low-dose compatibility groups and Hoveniae Semen group was increased （P<0.05）， the pathological injury score of the medium and low-dose compatibility groups， Flos Puerariae group， and Hoveniae Semen group was increased （P<0.01）， the content of IL-1β in serum of low-dose compatibility group， Flos Puerariae group， and Hoveniae Semen group was increased （P<0.01）， and the mRNA expression of IκBα in gastric mucosa of the Flos Puerariae group and Hoveniae Semen group was decreased （P<0.05）. As compared with the medium-dose compatibility group， the drunkenness time in the Hoveniae Semen group was shortened （P<0.05）， the sober up time in the Flos Puerariae group was prolonged （P<0.05）， the pathological injury score in the Flos Puerariae group and Hoveniae Semen group was increased （P<0.01）， and the content of IL-1β in serum of the low-dose compatibility group， the Flos Puerariae group， and Hoveniae Semen group was increased （P<0.05）. As compared with the low-dose compatibility group， the pathological injury score of the Hoveniae Semen group was increased （P<0.05）. ConclusionFlos Puerariae， Hoveniae Semen， and their compatibility play a role in preventing and treating acute alcoholic gastric mucosal injury in mice， which may be related to the inhibition of the expression of NF-κB signal pathway in gastric mucosa， and the high-dose compatibility group has the optimal effect.

Individual Identification in Facial Appearance Biometrics Based on Macroscopical Comparison / 法医学杂志

Individual identification is one of the research hotspots in the practice of forensic science, and the judgment is usually built on the comparison of the unique biological characteristics of the individual, such as fingerprints, iris and DNA. With the dramatic increase in the number of cases related to video image investigations, there is an increasing need for the technology to identify individuals based on the macroscopic comparison of facial appearance biometrics. At present, with the introduction of computer three-dimensional (3D) modeling and 3D superimposition comparison technology, considerable progress has been made in individual identification methods based on macroscopic comparison of facial appearance biometrics. This paper reviews individual facial appearance biometric methods based on macroscopical comparison, comprehensively analyzes the advantages and limitations of different methods, and puts forward recommendations and prospects for subsequent research.

Effect of corneal suture tensions on the accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation in traumatic cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To explore the effect of corneal suture tension on the accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation in traumatic cataract.<p>METHODS: In this prospective study, 57 patients who were waiting for secondary intraocular lens implantation surgery with sutured corneal penetrating injury and extracted traumatic cataract in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019, were divided into observation group and control group. Corneal sutures were removed one week before operation in the observation group, while corneal sutures were removed during the operation in the control group. The corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth, axial length and theoretical intraocular lens power in the observation group were compared before and after suture removal; the postoperative uncorrected visual acuity and corneal astigmatism were compared between the observation group and the control group.<p>RESULTS: There were significant changes in corneal curvature(43.15±1.32D <i>vs</i> 45.05±1.20D), corneal astigmatism(-5.23±2.52D <i>vs</i> -2.04±1.44D)and theoretical intraocular lens power(22.24±2.36D <i>vs</i> 20.40±1.46D)before and after suture removal(<i>P</i><0.05), while there were no difference in anterior chamber depth and axis length in the observation group(<i>P</i>Symbol～@@0.05). The uncorrected visual acuity was better, and the corneal astigmatism was lower 1d, 1wk, 1mo and 3mo post-operative in the observation group than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Corneal suture tension has significant effect on corneal astigmatism, theoretical intraocular lens power calculation and postoperative refraction in traumatic cataract patients.

Effect of continuous hemofiltration on inflammatory mediators and hemodynamics in children with severe hand, foot and mouth disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on inflammatory mediators in children with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and to investigate its clinical efficacy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 36 children with stage IV HFMD were enrolled and randomly divided into conventional treatment group and CVVH group (n=18 each). The children in the CVVH group were given CVVH for 48 hours in addition to the conventional treatment. The levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lactic acid in peripheral venous blood, heart rate, blood pressure, and left ventricular ejection fraction were measured before treatment and after 24 and 48 hours of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 24 hours of treatment, the conventional treatment group had a significantly reduced serum IL-2 level (P<0.01), and the CVVH treatment group had significantly reduced serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α (P<0.05). After 48 hours of treatment, both groups had significantly reduced serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α (P<0.01), and the CVVH group had significantly lower levels of these inflammatory factors than the conventional treatment group (P<0.01). After 48 hours of treatment, heart rate, systolic pressure, and blood lactic acid level were significantly reduced, and left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly increased in both groups, and the CVVH group had significantly greater changes in these indices except systolic pressure than the conventional treatment group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CVVH can effectively eliminate inflammatory factors, reduce heart rate and venous blood lactic acid, and improve heart function in children with severe HFMD.</p>

β-Elemene reduces the progression of atherosclerosis in rabbits / 中国天然药物

The present study aimed at investigating the possible effects of β-elemene on the progression of atherosclerosis in a rabbit model. The rabbit atherosclerosis model was established by the combination of balloon angioplasty-induced endothelial injury and an atherogenic diet fed to the rabbits. New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (8/group): the normal control group (fed with normal chow diet), and three experimental groups, placebo group, atorvastatin group, and β-elemene group (received the atherogenic diet). After two weeks on the diet, the three experimental groups underwent balloon injury at right common carotid artery and were treated with drugs or placebo for five weeks. Serum lipids were measured. Carotid artery lesions were isolated for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. In vitro, RAW264.7 macrophages were pretreated with β-elemene and ox-LDL for 24 h and the viability of macrophages was assayed using the MTT method. TNF-α and IL-6 were also determined. Compared with the control group, the thickness of the atherosclerosis lesion in the placebo group was significantly increased; The thickness the drug treatment groups were significantly decreased, compared with that of the placebo group. The infiltration of macrophage was markedly reduced in the β-elemene group compared with that of the placebo group. β-elemene treatment also reduced the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C, compared with the placebo group. β-elemene decreased the TNF-α and IL-6 levels in vitro. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that β-elemene retarded the progression of atherosclerosis in vivo and in vitro, which may be related to the capacity of β-elemene to reduce the infiltration of macrophages and suppress inflammatory factors.

Efficacy observation on acupuncture combined with bloodletting for chronic urticarial / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe differences of therapeutic effect between acupuncture combined with bloodletting and regular western medication on chronic urticarial.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture bloodletting group and a loratadine group, 80 cases in each group. In the acupuncture bloodletting group, Quchi (LI 11), Neiguan (PC 6), Xuehai (SP 10) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected and manipulated with reducing method, and pricking bloodletting with three-edge needle and cupping were given at Feishu (BL 13) and Geshu (BL 17), once every other day. The oral administration of 10 mg loratadine was applied in the loratadine group, once a day. The therapeutic effect in two groups was observed and compared after four weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cured and markedly effective rate was 91.3% (73/80) in the acupuncture bloodletting group, which was similar to 81.3% (65/80) in the loratadine group (P > 0.05). The scores of symptom-sign in the two groups were reduced after treatment (10.14 +/- 1.95 vs 2.12 +/- 40.32, 10.30 +/- 1.82 vs 3.21 +/- 0.28, both P < 0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference between two groups after treatment (P > 0.05). There was no obvious adverse effect in the acupuncture bloodletting group while 3 cases of mild somnolence were reported in the loratadine group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The acupuncture bloodletting is an effective method for chronic urticarial, which has similar effect to loratadine without adverse effect.</p>

Comparison of efficacy and safety between intraocular becacizumab and triamcinolone for diabetic macular edema / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Diabetic macular edema is the primary complication of diabetes.Becacizumab and triamcinolone acetonide(TA) have been intravitreally used to treat diabetic macular edema,but it is necessary to compare and evaluate their efficacy and safety.Objective The aim of this trial was to discuss and compare the safety and efficacy of intravitreal injection of becacizumab and TA for diabetic macular edema.Methods A case-controlled study was designed.In this pilot clinical trial,total 98 eyes of 98 patients determined as diabetic macular edema by optical coherence tomography(OCT) and fluorescine funds angiography(FFA) were assigned to becacizumab group and TA group according to the visiting time.Becacizumab of 0.05ml(1.25mg) was injected into vitreous via 4mm posterior to limbus in becacizumab group and TA of 0.1ml(4mg) was used at the same way.The visual acuity,central macular thickness(CMT) and intraocular pressure(IOP) were examined before and 4,8,12 weeks after injection.The complication after injection was compared between these two groups.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Xi'an Central Hospital.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to this protocol.Results All of the patients finished the medical procedure and follow-up.No significant differences were found in the demographic characteristics between two groups(P＞0.05).The vision was obviously improved in both becacizumab group and TA group in 4,8,12 weeks after injection in comparison with before injection(P＜0.01),but no evident differences were seen in vision at various time points between two groups (P＞0.05).The CMT values were reduced after injection compared with before injection in both two groups(P＜0.01),however,there was no any difference was found in CMT value between becacizumab group and TA group whatever before and after injection(P＞0.05).In 4,8,12 weeks after intravitreous injection,the IOPs were elevated in TA group compared with becacizumab group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the IOP was higher after injection than that before injection in TA group(P＜0.01).The incidence of increased IOP after intravitreal injection of TA was 14.3%.No complication was observed in becacizumab group during the follow-up duration.Conclusion Both becacizumab and TA can treat diabetic macular edema by intravitreal administration.Intravitreal injection of TA may be the more favorable therapy for diabetic macular edema in comparison with becacizumab.However,this outcome indicate that IOP should be monitored during the follow-up period.

Observation on therapeutic effect of pricking blood therapy combined with acupuncture on herpes zoster / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the therapeutic effects of pricking blood therapy combined with acupuncture and routine western medicine on herpes zoster.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and forty cases were randomly divided into 2 groups, 120 cases in each group. The treatment group were treated with acupuncture combined with pricking blood therapy on the point with the most pain, and cupping and surround needling; the control group with external application and oral administration of Aciclovir plaster and Aciclovir tablets, respectively. Their therapeutic effects were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 92.5% in the treatment group and 55.8% in the control group with a very significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The time of producing killing pain, stopping vesication and scabbing in the treatment group was shorter than that in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pricking blood therapy combined with acupuncture is an effective therapy for herpes zoster.</p>